Infections may be severe or persistent, the latter being mostly asymptomatic, except during pregnancy when the organisms may contaminate the placenta, leading to abortion, stillbirth, as well as preterm birth. The majority of the stillbirths happened in the 2nd as well as early third trimester. The overall contributions of Q high temperature to stillbirths, and the actual geographic circulation of Q fever-associated stillbirths, is unidentified.

treatment of xerophthalmia